Päevaülesanne

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Harjutuskomplekt

Balti Tee 2011 · Valikvooru ülesanne

Geomeetria

A circulator is an instrument which draws the circumcircle of three given points in the plane (if the points happen to be collinear, it draws the line through them). Is it possible to construct, only with the help of a circulator, the centre of a given circle?

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Ülevaatematerjal muutub kättesaadavaks järgmise päevaülesannete komplektiga.

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Teemad

Nurgad ja kaugused · Konstruktsioonid, geomeetrilised kohad, lõikumine ühes punktis ja kollineaarsus · Teisendused

Lahendused

Lahendus

No, it is not: for suppose you have an algorithm that constructs the centre of the given circle γ\gamma such that each step of the algorithm consists in choosing three points and constructing their circumcircle. Consider some arbitrary circle Ω\Omega different from γ\gamma. Invert γ\gamma in Ω\Omega to get a new circle γ′\gamma'. If we apply our algorithm to γ′\gamma', then on one the hand we construct the centre of γ′\gamma', and on the other hand we construct the image of the centre of γ\gamma under the inversion, since every step of the algorithm commutes with the inversion. Thus the centre of γ\gamma is mapped to the centre of γ′\gamma' by the inversion, yielding a contradiction since Ω\Omega was arbitrary and inversion does not in general map the centre of a circle to the centre of its image.