Balti Tee 1998 · Ülesanne 17
Kombinatoorika
Let and be positive integers. There are objects (of the same size) and boxes, each of which can hold objects. Each object is coloured in one of different colours. Show that the objects can be packed in the boxes so that each box holds objects of at most two colours.
Kui oled valmis
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Ülevaade
Teemad
Värvimised ja konfiguratsioonid · Dirichlet’ printsiip ja ekstremaalargumendid · Induktsioon ja rekursioon
Lahendused
Lahendus
Solution:
If , it is obvious how to do the packing. Now assume . There are not more than objects of a certain colour - say, pink - and also not fewer than objects of some other colour - say, grey. Pack all pink objects into one box; if there is space left, fill the box up with grey objects. Then remove that box together with its contents; the problem gets reduced to an analogous one with boxes and colours. Assuming inductively that the task can be done in that case, we see that it can also be done for boxes and colours. The general result follows by induction.
Võistluse kontekst
Balti Tee tulemused 1998
11 võistkonda
- Keskmine tulemus
- 4,3 / 5
- 4 või 5 punkti
- 9 / 11
- Eesti
- 5 / 5
Punktijaotus
Kõigi võistkondade punktid
| Võistkond | Punktid |
|---|---|
| Latvia | 5 / 5 |
| Estonia | 5 / 5 |
| Poland | 5 / 5 |
| Finland | 5 / 5 |
| St. Petersburg | 5 / 5 |
| Sweden | 5 / 5 |
| Denmark | 4 / 5 |
| Iceland | 3 / 5 |
| Norway | 5 / 5 |
| Germany | 0 / 5 |
| Lithuania | 5 / 5 |